Weight management

GLP-1 medications for weight loss

A new class of injectable therapies has fundamentally changed how we approach weight management — shifting the focus from willpower alone to targeted, biologically driven treatment supported by ongoing medical care.

Semaglutide
10–15%
typical body weight loss
Tirzepatide
~20%
body weight loss in trials
Approach
Gradual & sustained
not a quick fix
How they work
🩸
Insulin release
Increases insulin after meals, helping lower blood sugar naturally
⚡
Glucagon control
Reduces glucagon to prevent blood sugar spikes between meals
🕐
Slower digestion
Slows stomach emptying so you feel full for longer after eating
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Appetite reduction
Acts on brain signals to reduce hunger and food cravings
What patients typically notice
Reduced hunger Fewer food cravings Feeling full sooner Gradual weight loss over months More stable energy levels
Medications
Semaglutide
Ozempic®   Wegovy®
10–15% body weight loss
Tirzepatide
Mounjaro®
Up to ~20% body weight loss
Benefits
Improved blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes
Clinically meaningful, sustained weight loss
Reduced cardiovascular risk (heart attack & stroke)
Possible kidney protection
Common side effects

Most are gastrointestinal and improve over time, especially with gradual dose escalation.

Nausea Vomiting Diarrhoea or constipation Abdominal discomfort
Less common but important risks
Pancreatitis (rare but serious)
Gallstones, particularly with rapid weight loss
Loss of muscle mass if not combined with adequate protein and exercise
Thyroid tumour risk seen in animal studies — avoid in patients with a history of medullary thyroid cancer or MEN2
Possible mood or behavioural changes (currently under investigation)
Rare eye complications (e.g. NAION), currently being studied

What makes treatment successful

Gradual dose escalation Regular exercise Adequate protein intake Good hydration Ongoing medical monitoring Resistance training

GLP-1 medications are effective tools for managing weight and blood sugar, with additional benefits for heart and kidney health. They are not a quick fix — but when used appropriately and monitored carefully, they form part of a safe and sustainable long-term strategy.